Multidimensional radiative transfer with multilevel atoms. II. The non-linear multigrid method.

Details Multidimensional radiative transfer with multilevel atoms. II. The non-linear multigrid method. Multidimensional radiative transfer with multilevel atoms. II. The non-linear multigrid method.

Aug 1997

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997a%26a...324..161f&link_type=abstract

Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.324, p.161-176

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

30

Radiative Transfer, Stars: Atmospheres, Methods: Numerical

Scientific paper

A new iterative method for solving non-LTE multilevel radiative transfer (RT) problems in 1D, 2D or 3D geometries is presented. The scheme obtains the self-consistent solution of the kinetic and RT equations at the cost of only a few (<10) formal solutions of the RT equation. It combines, for the first time, non-linear multigrid iteration (Brandt, 1977, Math. Comp. 31, 333; Hackbush, 1985, Multi-Grid Methods and Applications, springer-Verlag, Berlin), an efficient multilevel RT scheme based on Gauss-Seidel iterations (cf. Trujillo Bueno & Fabiani Bendicho, 1995ApJ...455..646T), and accurate short-characteristics formal solution techniques. By combining a valid stopping criterion with a nested-grid strategy a converged solution with the desired true error is automatically guaranteed. Contrary to the current operator splitting methods the very high convergence speed of the new RT method does not deteriorate when the grid spatial resolution is increased. With this non-linear multigrid method non-LTE problems discretized on N grid points are solved in O(N) operations. The nested multigrid RT method presented here is, thus, particularly attractive in complicated multilevel transfer problems where small grid-sizes are required. The properties of the method are analyzed both analytically and with illustrative multilevel calculations for Ca II in 1D and 2D schematic model atmospheres.

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