Residual mean meridional circulation in titan's middle atmosphere

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Atmospheric Circulation, Atmospheric Models, Satellite Atmospheres, Titan, Atmospheric Diffusion, Mathematical Models, Molecular Diffusion, Newtonian Fluids, Partial Differential Equations, Temperature Distribution, Vortices

Scientific paper

The Transformed Eulerian-Mean Equations are solved to yield an elliptical partial differential equation in the stream function. The PDE is solved numerically and the meridional and vertical mean residual speeds are calculated from the stream function. Newtonian cooling provides the thermal forcing. The mechanical forcing in the present model is due to Rayleigh friction and molecular diffusion. The nominal model atmosphere assumes an isothermal tropopause and at 0.4 mbar the temperature at 85 degrees N is approximately 8 degrees lower than at 85 degrees S. The vertical temperature profile is after Lindal et al (1983, Icarus, 53, 348) and eddy coefficients are taken from Yung et al (1984, Astrophys. J. Suppl., 55, 465). The zonal speeds are estimated using the gradient wind balance. The nominal model results in meridional Hadley cells with little transport across the equator. The effects on the meridional circulation and hemispheric transport by varying the forcing parameters will be shown.

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