The potential of an electrostatically clean geostationary satellite and its use in plasma diagnostics

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Electrostatic Shielding, Plasma Diagnostics, Plasma Potentials, Spacecraft Charging, Synchronous Satellites, Cold Plasmas, Plasma Currents, Plasma Equilibrium, Thermal Plasmas

Scientific paper

The mechanisms relevant to the electrostatic charging of geostationary spacecraft are briefly reviewed, and methods employed to monitor the equilibrium potential of GEOS when outside the eclipse shadow are described. The measured equilibrium potentials are presented and compared with plasma and high-energy particle experiment data from the same spacecraft. The equilibrium potential of GEOS in sunlight is always moderately positive and only rarely exceeds +10 V with respect to ambient space. In eclipse, a negative potential cannot be avoided, but here the electrostatic cleanliness approach chosen for GEOS prevents any differential charging and avoids potentials of several thousand volts which have appeared on other satellites.

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