The Supergiant Wind of 22 Vul

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Scientific paper

22 Vul (G3 Ib +B9 V) is the prototypical zeta Aur system with a G-type supergiant primary and B-type main sequence companion. The secondary star can be used as a probe of the outer atmosphere of the G star during partial eclipse phases. FUSE observations have been obtained during ingress and egress atmospheric eclipse phases, from a B-star height of 2.5 RG*, until primary eclipse of the secondary star. Compared to a normal B9 V star, 22 Vul shows added wind absorption components in the B-star spectrum from the supergiant's wind at all phases. The strongest lines of Fe II show wind troughs with a terminal velocity of -200 km/s, which is substantially greater than the wind seen in the C III profiles. The primary eclipse is not symmetrical in the absorption lines, with line doubling occurring during ingress, but single lines at egress. The line doubling during ingress maintains its structure over a wide range of heights. The opacity near zero velocity dramatically decreases in the egress spectrum as the B star goes from 1.9 to 2.3 RG*, which could be evidence of stationary coronal loop. While the surface fluxes of C III and O VI are similar to other late-type supergiants, both lines show optical depth effects.

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