The Lifetimes of Nitriles (CN) and Acids (COOH) during Ultraviolet Photolysis and Their Survival in Space

Details The Lifetimes of Nitriles (CN) and Acids (COOH) during Ultraviolet Photolysis and Their Survival in Space The Lifetimes of Nitriles (CN) and Acids (COOH) during Ultraviolet Photolysis and Their Survival in Space

Jan 2004

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004apj...601..365b&link_type=abstract

The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 601, Issue 1, pp. 365-370.

Biology

26

Astrobiology, Astrochemistry, Ism: Molecules, Molecular Processes

Scientific paper

Nitriles are one of the most common classes of molecules observed in the gas phase in space, with over a dozen having been positively identified in interstellar and circumstellar environments through the detection of their rotational transitions. Acids, in contrast, are much less common. In this paper we present laboratory data comparing the stability of two structurally related acid-nitrile pairs to ultraviolet (UV) photolytic destruction: acetic acid (CH3COOH) versus acetonitrile (CH3CN) and glycine (H2NCH2COOH) versus aminoacetonitrile (H2NCH2CN). We find that the nitriles are destroyed 10 and 5 times more slowly (respectively) by UV photolysis than are the corresponding acids. This suggests that whatever their relative formation rates, acids may be less abundant than nitriles in interstellar environments in part because they are more rapidly destroyed by photolysis. The results of this infrared (IR) spectral matrix isolation study indicate that during the lifetime of a typical interstellar cloud, even in its darkest regions, a population of acids in the gas phase will likely be diminished by at least half. Since aminoacetonitrile is a precursor to the amino acid glycine, and far more stable, presolar aminoacetonitrile may be a contributor to the deuterium-enriched glycine detected in meteorites. It would clearly be informative to search for aminoacetonitrile (the nitrile corresponding to glycine) in the regions where the amino acid glycine has been reported.

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