Using Planetary Nebulae to Analyze the Abundance Gradient in the Milky Way

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Planetary Nebulae, Galaxy, Element Relative Abundance, Planetary Nebulae

Scientific paper

This is a progress report on a project aiming at reexamining the abundance gradients in the Milky Way as derived from planetary nebulae (PNe). Our first efforts were to constitute an adequate sample. We have observed over 100 PNe using low- and high resolution spectroscopy. We have combined this data with large, homogeneous and good quality data samples from the literature. We have derived the abundances of all the PNe of the resulting sample in a consistent way. The determination of abundance gradients strongly depends on the assumed PN distances, while PN distances in the Milky Way are in general not well-known. We have devised a method to obtain PN distances, which is based on interpolation in a grid of photoionization models. Our distances do not depend on assumptions on a nebular mass or any other nebular or stellar property that is supposed to hold for all PNe. Error bars can be estimated in a realistic way. After several checks of our method to derive distances, we will proceed to the study of abundance gradients and their possible variation in time.

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