Highly oblique shocks: Diffusion coefficients, acceleration rate and maximum energy

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Cosmic Ray Propagation, Shock Waves, Monte Carlo Methods, Cosmic Ray Energy Spectra, Cosmic Rays

Scientific paper

We examine numerically using Monte Carlo simulations the effect of the diffusion coefficients and the obliquity of the magnetic field to the shock front on the energy gain and the acceleration rate of the accelerated particles in non-relativistic highly oblique shocks. Previous analytical work is justified showing that in highly oblique shocks the smaller the perpendicular diffusion gets compared to the parallel diffusion coefficient values, the greater the energy gain of the cosmic rays to be obtained and under specific conditions the acceleration rate of the particles allows for critical energies to be reached. Based on these circumstances and other striking findings, the cosmic ray spectrum in high energies between 1015eV and about 1018eV can be explained. We estimate the upper limit of energy that cosmic rays could gain in astrophysical sources following models of such as, Supernovae which explode into the interstellar medium, Red Supergiants, and Wolf-Rayet stars.

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