Interstellar grains in meteorites: III. Graphite and its noble gases

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Four density fractions of interstellar graphite were analyzed for isotopically anomalous noble gases by stepped heating. As in SiC, the dominant components show the signature of the s -process and apparently come from AGB- (Asymptotic Giant Branch) stars of 1-3 M . But graphite seems to come from a broader range of stars and conditions, comprising at least three and perhaps all four known sources of carbon stardust. Two extreme types of Kr---S are present, having high or low (Kr 86 /Kr 82 ) s ratio and occurring in high - or low -density graphite, respectively. [(Kr 86 /Kr 82 ) s = 4.8 in the fraction of 2.15-2.20 g/mL and 0.5 in fractions of 2.15 g/mL]. These imply two different kinds of AGB-stars, with mean neutron exposures of 0.55 mb -1 and 0.07 mb -1 . In addition to neon from AGB-star He-shells with its characteristic Ne 20 /Ne 22 ~ 0.09, all graphite fractions also contain monoisotopic Ne 22 from the decay of Na 22 ( t 1/2 = 2.58 a ). This suggests the presence of material from novae and supernovae. In contrast to the differences in isotopic ratios, the elemental ratios of the anomalous gases resemble those of SiC, with a generally close match to AGB-star He-shells. But Ne is low by 10-100x, presumably due to diffusion loss.

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