On the ellipticity of the Shakhbazian compact groups of galaxies

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Brightness, Compact Galaxies, Ellipticity, Galactic Clusters, Astronomical Catalogs, Astronomical Satellites, Sky Surveys (Astronomy), Statistical Analysis

Scientific paper

We have determined the ellipticities of compact groups of galaxies in the Shakhbazian survey, using the technique proposed by Rood (1979) for deriving the average flatness of a large sample of objects. Our sample contains 95 Shakhbazian groups with accurate parameters obtained from the COMOS/UKSTU catalog of the Southern sky. We find a broad distribution for the apparent axial ratios (q = b/a) of the groups with a mean of b/a = 0.5. This observation distribution is compared with randomly generated spherical and elliptical systems. We argue that the frequency distribution of axial ratios for Shakhbazian groups is represented solely by a population of prolate spheroids with low intrinsic axial ratios, average value of q = 0.3, sigma = +/- 0.15 (assuming random true orientations in 3D space). The Shakhbazian groups are more highly flattened than either rich clusters or elliptical galaxies, and represent the most elongated systems yet found. We discuss this finding in the light of other observations of Shakhbazian groups, and suggest further analyses which may help towards understanding the true nature of these systems.

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