The dust environment of Jupiter as seen by Galileo

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Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

During its seven-year orbital mission about Jupiter, the Galileo spacecraft provided the rst opportunity for long-term in-situ studies in the environment of a giant planet. With the highly sensitive impact-ionization dust detector on board, Galileo investigated the jovian dust environment with unprecedented accuracy. At least four populations of jovian dust were identi ed: 1) 10 nm sized jovian dust stream particles susceptible to strong electromagnetic interaction with the jovian magnetosphere. These grains originate from Io's volcanic plumes and act as tracers of Jupiter's magnetospheric conditions and the plasma in the Io torus; 2) Dust clouds composed of micron-sized grains surrounding the Galilean moons. The clouds are generated by impacts of interplanetary micrometeoroids onto these moons. Composition analysis of these grains can act as a tool for surface composition investigations of the source moons. Impact ejection is believed to be a major process for maintaining 'dusty' planetary rings; 3) Jupiter's dusty ring system, beginning at the optically accessible gossamer rings close to the planet out to the region of the irregular moons at the outskirts of the jovian system; 4) nally, interplanetary and interstellar particles captured by the jovian magnetosphere. We review the highlights from seven years of Galileo in-situ dust measurements at Jupiter and discuss implications for future space missions to the jovian system.

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