Other
Scientific paper
Jul 2009
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009hst..prop12165d&link_type=abstract
HST Proposal ID #12165. Cycle 18
Other
Scientific paper
The recent detection of a super-Earth transiting a nearby low-mass star GJ1214 {Charbonneau et al., 2009} has opened the door to testing the predictions of low mass planet atmosphere theories. Theoretical models predict that low mass planets are likely to exist with atmospheres that can vary widely in their composition and structure. Some super-Earths may be able to retain massive hydrogen-rich atmospheres. Others might never accumulate hydrogen or experience significant escape of lightweight elements, resulting in atmospheres more like those of the terrestrial planets in our Solar System. Planets which orbit close to their parent stars, such as close-in hot-Jupiters and super-Earths, are exposed to strong XEUV flux that influence their atmospheres and may trigger atmospheric escapeprocesses. This phenomenon, which shapes planetary atmospheres, determines the evolution of the planet. This can also dramatically enhance the detectability of a heavily irradiated hydrogen atmospherewhen the planet transits in front of its parent star. We propose to use HST/STIS/G140M to determine the intensity and variability of the Lyman-alpha chromospheric emission line and provide observationalconstraints to super-Earth atmospheric models. We propose to coordinate this measurement with a planetary transit in order to detect large upper atmospheric signatures if present. This shortmeasurement also enables us to determine whether a larger program dedicated to upper atmospheric study is feasible for a following cycle.;
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