New powerful diagnostics for hot evolved stars: constraining the hottest temperatures, the faintest winds, and the neon abundance.

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Scientific paper

We have recently identified a strong P Cygni feature (lambda 973A) in the far-UV spectra of some very hot (Teff > 85,000 K) central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPN) as originating from Ne VII. By including highly ionized neon calculations in stellar atmosphere models, we could reproduce this feature as it is observed in hydrogen-deficient CSPN, as well as in PG 1159 objects. The discovery of highly ionized neon diagnostic features in CSPN spectra is important because an overabundance of this element is indicative of processed material that has been dredged up to the surface as predicted in the ``born-again'' scenario, a possible explanation for hydrogen-deficient CSPN. We show the potential of this strong feature as well as weaker neon features as diagnostics in stellar atmosphere analyses for extremely hot post-ABG objects (where other diagnostics are scarce). This diagnostic is potentially useful also in the analysis of massive stars with winds such as WO stars.

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