Quantum effects and superquintessence in the new age of precision cosmology

Details Quantum effects and superquintessence in the new age of precision cosmology Quantum effects and superquintessence in the new age of precision cosmology

2004-06-17

arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0406068v1

Int.J.Mod.Phys. D13 (2004) 2255-2260

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

7 pages. Essay selected for "Honorable Mention" in the 2004 Awards for Essays on Gravitation, Gravity Research Foundation

Scientific paper

10.1142/S0218271804006292

Recent observations of Type Ia supernova at high redshifts establish that the dark energy component of the universe has (a probably constant) ratio between pressure and energy density $w=p/\rho=-1.02(^{+0.13}_{-0.19})$. The conventional quintessence models for dark energy are restricted to the range $-1\le w < 0$, with the cosmological constant corresponding to $w=-1$. Conformally coupled quintessence models are the simplest ones compatible with the marginally allowed superaccelerated regime ($w<-1$). However, they are known to be plagued with anisotropic singularities. We argue here that the extension of the classical approach to the semiclassical one, with the inclusion of quantum counterterms necessary to ensure the renormalization, can eliminate the anisotropic singularities preserving the isotropic behavior of conformally coupled superquintessence models. Hence, besides of having other interesting properties, they are consistent candidates to describe the superaccelerated phases of the universe compatible with the present experimental data.

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