On the probability of magnification by cosmologically distributed gravitational lenses

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Cosmology, Gravitational Lenses, Magnification, Universe, Computational Astrophysics, Mathematical Models, Point Sources, Probability Distribution Functions, Spatial Distribution

Scientific paper

An analytical method for calculating the statistical properties of source magnification caused by gravitational lenses randomly distributed throughout the universe is presented. Two lenses are considered at different redshifts to show that such an assumption is a statistically adequate approximation. The derived general formulas are applied to point-mass lenses with both point and extended sources. Analytical results of the magnification probability for point sources are accurate to within 10 percent in comparison with the available numerical simulations to moderate redshifts of less than about 2. In terms of the flux conservation, the results are accurate to within 18 percent at a redshift of 6 with respect to the Dyer-Roeder model of a clumpy universe. It is concluded that the present formulas are adequate for statistical studies of magnification by random gravitational lenses on cosmological scales.

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