Discovery of Four Field Methane (T-Type) Dwarfs with the Two Micron All-Sky Survey

Details Discovery of Four Field Methane (T-Type) Dwarfs with the Two Micron All-Sky Survey Discovery of Four Field Methane (T-Type) Dwarfs with the Two Micron All-Sky Survey

Sep 1999

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1999apj...522l..65b&link_type=abstract

The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 522, Issue 1, pp. L65-L68.

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

142

Infrared: Stars, Stars: Fundamental Parameters, Stars: Individual: Alphanumeric: 2Massi J1047539+212423, Stars: Individual: Alphanumeric: 2Massw J1217111-031113, Stars: Individual: Alphanumeric: 2Massw J1225543-273947, Stars: Individual: Alphanumeric: 2Massw J1237392+652615, Stars: Individual: Alphanumeric: 2Massw J1346464-003150, Stars: Low-Mass, Brown Dwarfs

Scientific paper

We report the discovery of four field methane (``T''-type) brown dwarfs using Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) data. One additional methane dwarf, previously discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, was also identified. Near-infrared spectra clearly show the 1.6 and 2.2 μm CH_4 absorption bands characteristic of objects with T_eff<~1300 K as well as broadened H_2O bands at 1.4 and 1.9 mum. Comparing the spectra of these objects with that of Gl 229B, we propose that all new 2MASS T dwarfs are warmer than 950 K, in order from warmest to coolest: 2MASS J1217-03, 2MASS J1225-27, 2MASS J1047+21, and 2MASS J1237+65. Based on this preliminary sample, we find a warm T dwarf surface density of 0.0022 T dwarfs deg^-2, or ~90 warm T dwarfs over the whole sky detectable to J<16. The resulting space density upper limit, 0.01 T dwarfs pc^-3, is comparable to that of the first L dwarf sample from Kirkpatrick et al.

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