Tidal Effects on Rotating Gaseous Ellipsoids Revolving around a Central Massive Object

Details Tidal Effects on Rotating Gaseous Ellipsoids Revolving around a Central Massive Object Tidal Effects on Rotating Gaseous Ellipsoids Revolving around a Central Massive Object

Oct 1997

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997apj...487..489u&link_type=abstract

Astrophysical Journal v.487, p.489

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

8

Celestial Mechanics, Stellar Dynamics, Galaxies: Clusters: General, Hydrodynamics, Instabilities, Methods: Numerical

Scientific paper

A computationally integrable set of ordinary differential equations is derived for a gaseous ellipsoid of uniform density orbiting in the gravitational potential of an extended massive object (represented by the logarithmic potential). Numerical integrations can be conducted in the same mathematical exactitude as in the classical theory of a homogeneous liquid ellipsoid in equilibrium. First, we obtain a series of equilibrium figures moving in a circular orbit and analyze their linear and nonlinear stability. The gaseous ellipsoids that are elongated toward the center are not realized within a critical radial distance from the extended massive object, whereas those elongated along the circular orbit are distributed in the full range of the radial distance. Then we consider the cases of a noncircular orbit around the center and examine the time-dependent tidal effects on the ellipsoid. No equilibrium figure exists, but excited nonlinear oscillation and disruption are numerically followed. The spin angular momentum of the ellipsoid is also shown to change rapidly at its pericenter passage when the tidal effect is strongest. When the angular momentum increases considerably, the ellipsoid is shown to elongate extremely and suffer tidal disruption. The condition for such tidal disruption is extensively examined. The results are applied to the apparent alignment of galaxies gathering densely around the central dominant object of a rich cluster of galaxies.

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