Wave dynamics in mantle plume heads and hotspot swells

Details Wave dynamics in mantle plume heads and hotspot swells Wave dynamics in mantle plume heads and hotspot swells

Sep 1992

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992georl..19.1791b&link_type=abstract

Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276), vol. 19, no. 17, Sept. 4, 1992, p. 1791-1794. Research supported by University of

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4

Earth Mantle, Plumes, Temperature Dependence, Viscous Flow, Wave Propagation, Geothermal Anomalies, Solitary Waves

Scientific paper

Laboratory experiments with thermal plumes in fluid with temperature-dependent viscosity suggest that wavelike instabilities can form in the horizontally flowing, disk-shaped head of the plume. The waves propagate radially outward from the axis of the plume and appear to be most intense in a finite band near the perimeter of the plume head. A simple theoretical model shows that interfacial waves in a highly viscous fluid may occur if the plume-head is comprised of temperature-dependent-viscosity fluid that cools as it flows between two boundaries. The model suggests that the wave arise as an oscillatory instability and that wave formation is most robust in the colder regions of the plume-head, as indicated by the experiments. The theory also predicts that the instability will only occur above some critical plume-head flow velocity, and that mantle plume conditions are generally supercritical.

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