Comparative study of Lyman continuum, soft X-ray or hard X-ray heating of an optically thin gas

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Gas Heating, Gas Ionization, Lyman Spectra, Photoionization, Steady State, X Ray Irradiation, Auger Effect, Heat Balance, Heavy Elements, Hydrogen, Optical Thickness, Photons, Point Sources, Stellar Envelopes

Scientific paper

The results of a systematic study of the steady-state equilibrium of a gas heated predominantly by Lyman continuum, soft X-ray or hard X-ray photons are presented. Special emphasis is given to the spectral dependence (i.e., power law, exponential, and black-body spectra) and to the effects of low energy cut-offs in the optical to keV energy range. The influence of secondary electrons and Auger transitions for the heavy elements has been taken into account. The present study applies to cold gases. It is found that some observable gas parameters (i.e., temperature, degree of ionization of hydrogen and heavy elements) could yield significant knowledge of the radiation field, as well as of other gas characteristics.

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