Coherent detection applied to optical and infrared astronomy - an introduction

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Coherent Light, Infrared Astronomy, Optical Heterodyning, Signal Detection, Astronomical Photometry, Infrared Interferometers, Optical Equipment, Stellar Spectrophotometry, Superheterodyne Receivers

Scientific paper

A historical survey of heterodyne detection (HD) in astronomy is presented, taking into account the introduction of HD methods into the optical and infrared spectral regions after suitable coherent oscillators became available with the invention of the laser. The performance criteria of HD systems are examined. The usability of HD in spectrography and interferometry is determined by the signal-to-noise ratio, which determines the sensitivity, and the directivity, which reduces background effects. Problem areas for future research are discussed, giving attention to the theory of the heterodyne detection process, the detector, the local oscillator, and the optical components and system engineering. Observational prospects and motivation are also considered.

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