The determination of the fluctuations in the rotation of the earth

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Annual Variations, Celestial Geodesy, Earth Rotation, Geodynamics, International Cooperation, Lunar Rangefinding, Reference Systems, Satellite Doppler Positioning, Very Long Base Interferometry

Scientific paper

Techniques and programs for the regular accurate measurement of short-term (1-yr or less) fluctuations in the rotation of the earth are reviewed, with an emphasis on the ongoing MERIT-COTES international campaigns. The history and status of MERIT-COTES are summarized; the six main techniques used (Doppler tracking and laser ranging of satellites, lunar laser-ranging observations, connected-elements radio interferometry, VLBI, and optical astrometry) are discussed; and the need for future international cooperation to provide regular data service to users from such fields as seismology, geodesy, meteorology, navigation, astronomy, and space science is indicated.

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