Radio telescopes for millimeter wavelength

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Design Analysis, Microwave Equipment, Millimeter Waves, Radio Telescopes, Wavelengths, Atmospheric Windows, Equipment Specifications, Radio Astronomy, Radomes, Scaling Laws

Scientific paper

General rules are discussed for selecting the shortest observational wavelength and for finding the largest technically possible diameter for the design of steerable radio telescopes. The shortest wavelength should be in one of the four atmospheric windows of good transparency, and the largest diameter then is defined by thermal deformations if gravitational deformations are omitted by a homologously deforming design. As an example of a highly optimized structure, the NRAO design of a 65-m telescope for 3.5 mm wavelength is described. Cost and performance are calculated as functions of the diameter, and results are presented for all four atmospheric windows. Enclosure in a radome is not essential for this type of design, but it eases operation and scheduling.

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