Dissipative models for the sequence of elliptical galaxies

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Models, Elliptical Galaxies, Galactic Evolution, Gravitational Collapse, Chemical Evolution, Energy Dissipation, Galactic Structure, Metallicity, Scale Models

Scientific paper

Protogalaxies with a range of masses and sizes are numerically collapsed with a dissipative model for the formation of elliptical galaxies discussed in a companion paper (Carlberg, 1984). The rates of dissipation and star formation in the model are calculated with a simple cloud description of the gas physics. The correlations between the final mass, metal abundance, and kinematics in the models are compared with the empirical correlations of these quantities in an attempt to constrain the size-mass relation of the protogalaxies. To reproduce the variation of central velocity dispersion and metallicity with mass requires that the protogalaxies had sizes such that the average initial surface density was approximately mass independent. The second-parameter effect in ellipticals - at a fixed mass the scatter in central velocity dispersion is correlated with the scatter in metallicity - is possibly explained as the consequence of an initial scatter of protogalaxy sizes. These models can be placed in a cosmological context with the results that the ratio of the initial to final half-mass radii is near 10 for the favored models, and that the gas in the models needs to be largely self-gravitating to produce strong anisotropy, suggesting formation at a redshift near 10 from sheets of gas gathered up with respect to the dark material.

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