Meridional circulation in rotating stars. VIII - The solar spin-down problem

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Eddy Viscosity, Meridional Flow, Solar Rotation, Spin Dynamics, Angular Momentum, Barotropism, Reynolds Number

Scientific paper

A detailed analysis is given of the thermally driven meridional circulation and concomitant differential rotation in the hydrogen-burning core of the Sun, while taking into account the continuous removal of angular momentum from the surface convective layers as the Sun leisurely evolves on the main sequence. In particular, by assuming that the surface rotation rate varies as the inverse square root of the age, the authors calculate the inner redistribution of angular momentum caused by both the large-scale circulatory currents and the small-scale baroclinic eddies, which are an ever-present feature of a stellar radiative zone. It is shown that anisotropic turbulence is the main factor that inexorably changes the Sun's inner rotation rate. The transport of angular momentum by meridional streaming is many orders of magnitude smaller than that caused by turbulent viscous friction.

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