Perspectives of astrophysical and gravitational research onboard small spacecraft

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Astronomical And Space-Research Instrumentation

Scientific paper

The physical properties of hard-radiation emitting astrophysical objects (X-ray binaries pulsars, active galactic nuclei) can be studied in detail using compact instruments on-board small spacecraft. The polarization and spectroscopic measurements are of particular interest. The search and study of emission lines in hard radiation of X-ray binaries, black hole candidates as well as in diffuse gamma-radiation from Galactic Center and star formation regions, are the main goals of spectroscopic observations. It seems that for further progress of spectrometric measurements, detectors based on pure or enriched germanium should be used. As for polarization measurements, searching and measurements of polarization of hard radiation of pulsars and black hole candidates are of great interest. If the exposure time of the same X-ray source will be about several years, it allows us to search the electromagnetic radiation component, caused by the interaction of high-frequency gravitational radiation of the neutron star with its magnetic field. Such observational data will be unique because until the present time continuous long measurements of X-ray polarization and its time variations have not been performed. These data allow to solve some problems of fundamental physics of the X-ray binaries and to estimate the upper limit of high frequency gravitational radiation intensity.

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