The Nyquist criterion in CCD photometry for surface brightness

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Astronomical Photometry, Brightness Distribution, Charge Coupled Devices, Image Processing, Nyquist Frequencies, Fourier Transformation, Fraunhofer Lines, Instrument Errors, Pixels, Transfer Functions

Scientific paper

Astronomers routinely violate the directive to sample surface brightness with at least twice the frequency of the highest spatial frequency of the Fourier transform of the continuous image, when doing direct CCD imaging. It is reasonably speculated that this practice is rationalized on the basis that the CCD does not actually sample the surface brightness at periodic intervals, but instead integrates the surface brightness over contiguous regions (the CCD pixels). It is herein derived that this mode of sampling changes the form of aliasing error, but the aliasing error is nevertheless present when undersampling occurs. The very nature of the error betrays the possibility of detecting its presence, a priori.

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