Origins of outbreaks in the South Equatorial Belt of Jupiter

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Since 1979 there have been six distinct outbreaks of white spots in Jupiter's South Equatorial Belt (SEB). Three similar outbreaks have been identified in historical records. They resemble classical SEB revivals but are not preceded by fading of the belt. Five of the nine outbreaks began very close to positions predicted by the theory of E. J. Reese (Icarus, 17, 57 (1972)). High resolution Voyager photographs of one of the outbreaks showed that the initial white spot appeared within a dark spot in the cyclonic shear zone of the SEB. Its initial expansion rate was consistent with it being driven by convection from the deep water cloud layer, like the equatorial plumes. In contrast, the spots on the retrograding SEB jetstream, both before and during the outbreak, behaved like purely surface phenomena.

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