Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Dec 2000
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2000apj...544l.163t&link_type=abstract
The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 544, Issue 2, pp. L163-L167.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
6
Shock Waves, Sun: Radio Radiation
Scientific paper
The in situ wave data obtained by the Ulysses Unified Radio And Plasma wave experiment in the vicinity of a large number of interplanetary shocks show that Langmuir waves (1) are observed in only ~15% of the interplanetary shocks, (2) occur mostly in the upstream regions, and (3) are produced in the vicinity of both quasi-parallel Q∥ and quasi-perpendicular Q⊥ shocks and that (4) Langmuir wave-producing shocks are supercritical. Since Langmuir waves are the essential ingredients for the solar and interplanetary type II burst excitation, these observations imply that (1) the shock responsible for type II emission can be either Q∥ with a shock normal angle, θB,n<=π/4, or Q⊥ with θB,n>π/4, (2) type II bursts are excited in the upstream regions, (3) the θB,n need not be close to ~π/2 for either the excitation or the clumpiness of the type II bursts, and (4) type II shocks are mostly supercritical.
Macdowall Robert J.
Thejappa G.
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