Other
Scientific paper
May 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agusmsh41a..05n&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Spring Meeting 2002, abstract #SH41A-05
Other
7509 Corona, 7513 Coronal Mass Ejections, 7514 Energetic Particles (2114), 7519 Flares, 7524 Magnetic Fields
Scientific paper
We review various properties of flares in the present cycle that are intense in terms of the peak GOES soft X-ray flux. One of the striking properties is the dominance of short-duration flares, which are however well-correlated with extended CMEs as observed by LASCO. Another was the lack of progressive hardening of hard X-ray spectra on the basis of Yohkoh data. The hardening was seen in a handful of flares during the declining phase of cycle 21, and considered to be an indicator of interplanetary protons. Based on imaging observations from Yohkoh, SOHO and TRACE, we report the frequency of characteristic pre-event morphologies such as sigmoids and trans-equatorial loops, which should reflect the magnetic field environment in which the flare occurs. Observations of flare ejecta and coronal shock waves are shown, because the distinction the two phenomena may be important for understanding the origin of shocks that are responsible for major SEP events. We discuss the possibility that some of these properties may have solar-cycle dependence. We hope that this study will provide some physics-based clarification to the long-lasting questions (confusions) of the flare-CME relation.
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