On the absence of sunspots at high solar latitudes and associated constraints on the meridional flow in the solar interior

Details On the absence of sunspots at high solar latitudes and associated constraints on the meridional flow in the solar interior On the absence of sunspots at high solar latitudes and associated constraints on the meridional flow in the solar interior

May 2002

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002aas...200.8901n&link_type=abstract

American Astronomical Society, 200th AAS Meeting, #89.01; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 34, p.791

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

Scientific paper

Sunspots -- dark magnetic regions -- occur at low latitudes on the Sun's surface and are believed to be tracers of the magnetic field generated in the interior by the dynamo mechanism. An important ingredient in recent models of this dynamo mechanism is the meridional flow of material, which is observed to be poleward on the Sun's surface and must be balanced by an equatorward counterflow in the interior. The nature and exact location of this counterflow, however, is unknown. Recent solar dynamo models, which use the helioseismically determined internal rotation of the Sun and confine the counterflow within the convection zone (as classical theories of solar convection would suggest), indicate that sunspots should form at higher latitudes, contrary to observations. Here we present a solar dynamo model with the correct latitudinal distribution of sunspots and show that this requires a counterflow that penetrates much deeper than hitherto believed - into the stable layers below the convection zone. The existence of such a deep counterflow of material may have important implications for turbulent convection and elemental abundance in the Sun and related stellar atmospheres.

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