The extent of the molecular envelopes around evolved stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Electron Transitions, Radio Spectra, Stellar Envelopes, Stellar Mass Ejection, Stellar Spectra, Variable Stars, Carbon Isotopes, Carbon Monoxide, Line Spectra, Millimeter Waves, Silicon Isotopes, Silicon Oxides

Scientific paper

Observations are presented of envelopes around 10 evolved stars in the molecular transitions (C-12)O J = 2-1 and J = 1-0, (C-13)O J = 2-1 and J = 1-0, (Si-28)O J = 3-2, and (Si-29)O J = 3-2. Maps in these transitions, mainly for (C-12)O and (Si-28)O, are presented. In none of the studied envelopes is the SiO line emission clearly resolved. The envelope shape is nearly circular in all the cases, except for the carbon-rich star V Cyg, which presents an elongated envelope. Accurate profiles in R Cas and Chi Cyg suggest the existence of several independent winds. The presence of secondary peaks in several spectra is interpreted as being due to the existence of condensations in the inner regions of the envelope. It is inferred from the expected (Si-28)O/(Si-29)O isotopic abundance ratio and the J = 3-2 line ratio that the (Si-28)O J - 3-2 opacity must be larger than about 4 in the present envelopes.

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