The dynamic evolution of the Galactic disk

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Disk Galaxies, Galactic Evolution, Gravitational Fields, Molecular Clouds, Spiral Galaxies, Stochastic Processes, Astronomical Models, Spatial Distribution, Velocity Distribution

Scientific paper

Theoretical models and observational evidence for the dynamic evolution of the Galactic disk and the disks of other spiral galaxies are reviewed. Consideration is given to the age-dependent velocity dispersion and spatial distribution of stars, collective instabilities of galactic disks, stochastic heating mechanisms, adiabatic cooling and heating, and scattering processes with primarily deflecting effects. It is shown that inhomogeneities in the Galactic gravitational field can account for the axial components of the three-dimensional velocity distribution of the stars without contributing significantly to the stochastic heating of the Galactic disk. The relaxation time scale for deflection by giant molecular clouds is found to be of order 1 Gyr.

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