Are bipolar nebulae biconical

Details Are bipolar nebulae biconical Are bipolar nebulae biconical

Jul 1981

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1981apj...247..152i&link_type=abstract

Astrophysical Journal, Part 1, vol. 247, July 1, 1981, p. 152-157. Research supported by the University of Minnesota

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

33

Astrophysics, Planetary Nebulae, Stellar Mass Accretion, Stellar Models, Density Distribution, Eddington Approximation, Flow Distribution, Gas Density, Hydrodynamics, Radiative Transfer, Stellar Evolution, Velocity Distribution

Scientific paper

The galactic objects known as 'bipolar nebulae' have the general appearance of a pair of butterfly wings centered on a compact source. The possibility is explored that this appearance is due to a biconical outflow pattern of gas above an almost Keplerian disk. It is argued that this pattern is to be expected quite naturally in association with a gaseous disk. The similarity between the shapes of the nebulae need not imply that they are similar in other respects, such as the evolutionary state. A description is presented of calculations which show that bipolar nebulae could well be biconical nebulae, due to hydrodynamic effects which give rise to a biconical outflow pattern. It is found that biconical outflow, such as probably occurs above certain types of luminuous disk, can account for the density distribution in bipolar nebulae.

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