Computer Science
Scientific paper
Jan 1970
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1970gecoa..34...25s&link_type=abstract
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 34, Issue 1, pp.25-42
Computer Science
34
Scientific paper
Oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses have been made on a variety of clay minerals of sedimentary and diagenetic origins. The interlayer water of clay minerals was found to exchange rapidly with atmospheric water. Conditions under which the interlayer water could be removed from the clays without affecting the isotopic compositions of their aluminosilicate oxygen and hydrogen were therefore determined, and the interlayer water was routinely removed and discarded prior to isotopic analysis. Approximate fractionation factors for clay mineral-water systems at sedimentary temperatures, inferred from the isotopic compositions of natural samples, are: Oxygen min - H 2 O Hydrogen min - H 2 O Montmorillonite 1.027 0.94 Kaolinite 1.027 0.97 Glauconite 1.026 0.93 Consistency of a relationship between oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratios of kaolinites taken from a variety of areas and having different isotope ratios was demonstrated. This relationship results from exchange of clays with different meteoric waters under conditions in which the fractionation factors are relatively constant. This strongly suggests that the fractionation factors are equilibrium ones and that kaolinite forms in isotopic equilibrium with its environment. Deviations of the isotopic composition of montmorillonites from a similar relationship have been interpreted as resulting from isotopic exchange at slightly elevated temperatures. There was no clearly demonstrable case of clay minerals undergoing isotopic re-equilibration at sedimentary temperatures, although this is one possible interpretation of the data of some Upper Cretaceous glauconites.
Epstein Samuel
Savin Samuel M.
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