Other
Scientific paper
Jan 1994
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1994phdt........27c&link_type=abstract
PhD Dissertation, Wisconsin Univ. Madison, WI United States
Other
4
Rosat Mission, Spiral Galaxies, Magellanic Clouds, Background Radiation, Emission, Energy Bands, High Temperature Gases, Halos, Sun, X Rays
Scientific paper
We have made observations of several nearby face-on normal spiral galaxies with the ROSAT PSPC to study their 01-2 0 keV diffuse X-ray emission. The cleaned X-ray images of NGC3184, M101, NGC4395, NGC4736 and NGC5055 in the 1/4, 3/4 and 1.5 keV energy bands are presented along with a detailed discussion of how to identify and model known types of non-cosmic X-ray background. Unresolved X-ray emission in the 0.1-2.0 keV range is detected in all the observed galaxies, bright at the center and getting fainter toward the outer edges. It is a combination of diffuse emission and contribution from un-resolved point sources in these galaxies, so represents an upper limit to the diffuse X-ray emission. The derived upper limits on the diffuse emission can be interpreted in terms of upper limits to average emission measure for a putative unabsorbed halo emission, or alternatively as limits on the filling factors of 106 K hot bubbles, similar to the one surrounding the Sun, in the disks of these galaxies. They can also be used to derive limits to the total energy radiated by hot gas as a function of its temperature for various assumed absorbing geometries. Another exciting possibility is to measure shadows of the 1/4 keV extragalactic X-ray background cast by the external galaxies, which then allow us to determine useful limits on it The absorption features observed at the outer edges of some of the galaxies are direct evidence for absorption of this background by matter in there galaxies, and we have derived a 96% confidence lower limit of 32 keV cm-2 s-l sr-l keV-l. This lower limit can be compared directly with the best 95% confidence upper limit derived from observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud, which is 45 keV cm-2 s-l , sr-l keV-l The e lower and upper limits are less than a factor of two apart, and bend to provide a reasonable measurement of the actual value of the 1/4 keV extragalactic X-ray intensity
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