Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Jul 1970
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1970ap%26ss...8...29l&link_type=abstract
Astrophysics and Space Science, Volume 8, Issue 1, pp.29-49
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
2
Scientific paper
It is shown that the presence of spatially random fluctuations in refractive index, about a mean exceeding unity, influences the power output of Čerenkov waves emitted by a charged particle in several ways. (1) The frequency spectrum of the spontaneous emission is altered by the fluctuations. (2) There is an induced Čerenkov emission, due to the interaction of the spontaneous field with the random refractive index variations. This induced field can, in certain frequency bands, be as large as the spontaneous field. And it also contains a backscattered component which propagates in theopposite direction to the particle. (3) The conditions for emission of the Čerenkov waves, be they spontaneous or induced, depend critically on both the mean refractive index, the particle velocity, the intensity and correlation length of the fluctuations. And the dependence is sensitive to the precise functional form of the two-point correlation function. Instruments detect the optical Čerenkov emission produced by cosmic ray particles penetrating the Earth's atmosphere (below about 5 km). Also gas Čerenkov counters are triggered by the passage of highly energetic particles through the gas. Since both the Earth's lower atmosphere and the gas counters contain turbulent fluctuations, the present calculation is of some interest in connection with particle energy loss mechanisms in turbulent media and the basic structure of such media.
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