PHOBOS

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Asteroids, Astronomical Photography, Histories, International Cooperation, Mission Planning, Satellite Surfaces, Space Probes

Scientific paper

Characteristics of the 15-km diameter Martian satellite Phobos are discussed and Phobos observations are reviewed. Phobos orbits 9370 km from the center of Mars with a period of revolution (7 h 39 min) over three times less than that of the planet. It is suggested that the small rate of change in angular velocity (7.98 x 10 to the -12th) experienced by the satellite is due to the tidal effects to which Phobos is subjected. Spectrophotometic data suggest that the two Martian satellites were captured asteroids. Phobos probes have obtained such information as the elementary and isotopic compositions of the soil, the electrophysical properties of the surface, and the structure of its interior. The Hopper and Long-Term Automated Lander programs are also discussed.

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