Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Feb 1986
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1986apjs...60..433t&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (ISSN 0067-0049), vol. 60, Feb. 1986, p. 433-474. NSERC-supported research.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
9
Diatomic Molecules, Hyperfine Structure, Line Spectra, Microwave Spectra, Molecular Energy Levels, Molecular Rotation, Angular Momentum, Molecular Weight, Quantum Theory, Radio Astronomy
Scientific paper
The structure of the rotational levels in a diatomic molecule and the intensities of microwave transitions between them are reviewed. The statistical weights of levels that may have hyperfine structure due to one or two nuclear spins are considered for heteronuclear and homonuclear molecules. A new treatment is given, showing energy surfaces in a ternary diagram in the form of a triangular prism, in which the three vertices represent three limiting coupling cases. The interior of the prism displays energy levels where all three intermediate coupling parameters are of comparable magnitude. An example is presented of a simple J = 2 and J = 1 transition in a molecule with nuclear spins 3/2 and 1, showing the 56 hyperfine components into which the rotational line is split. A film is described which shows how the resulting 'fingerprint' varies with the relative strengths of the interactions between the nuclear and electronic angular momenta.
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