Other
Scientific paper
Dec 1997
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1997phdt........20c&link_type=abstract
Thesis (PHD). UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND COLLEGE PARK , Source DAI-B 58/06, p. 3088, Dec 1997, 262 pages.
Other
4
Starburst, Radio Jets
Scientific paper
An optical, radio and X-ray survey of a representative sample of 22 edge-on Seyfert galaxies indicate that large-scale outflows (LSOs) are present in ~> 50% of all Seyfert galaxies. The morphologies of the large-scale radio structures are not, in general, similar to that of a spherical halo (e.g., like that in the starburst galaxy M82). The difference in angle Δ between the orientation of the large-scale radio structures and the galaxy disk major axes is found to be consistent with a flat distribution, except for values of Δ ~< 30o. This result is consistent with directed outflows from the AGN that, if initially blowing into the galaxy disk, are stopped or diverted away from the disk. The large-scale X-ray nebulae in three LSO galaxies (NGC 2992, NGC 4388 and NGC 5506) are roughly co-spatial with the large-scale radio structures, suggesting that both radio and X-ray emission come from outflowing gas. The optical and X-ray luminosities of the extended LSO emission are consistent with those predicted by a pressure-driven wind with kinetic energy flux ~1042/ erg/ s-1. Either a nuclear starburst or the AGN can provide such kinetic energy flux. The far-infrared properties of roughly half of the edge-on Seyfert galaxies with LSOs are consistent with emission from starburst-heated dust, implying that starburst-powered winds could be present in roughly half of the LSO Seyfert galaxies if the input power to the LSO from the AGN is negligible. Seyfert galaxies with LSOs have significantly larger radio powers than those with no evidence for an LSO, perhaps an indication that a minimum radio power is required to drive these outflows. If the large-scale radio and X-ray emitting plasmas are in pressure balance, the X-ray emitting gas has a much larger filling factor than the radio plasma (by a factor ~104), implying that the LSO wind gas is primarily composed of a hot, X-ray plasma. We suggest that large-scale outflows in some Seyfert galaxies are extensions of sub-kpc AGN-driven radio jets which entrain gas from the galaxy, while the LSOs in other Seyfert galaxies are better described by AGN- and∨ starburst-driven winds.
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