Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics
Scientific paper
Jul 1986
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1986apj...306..538v&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 306, July 15, 1986, p. 538-542. NASA-NSF-supported research.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
30
Kinetic Energy, Nebulae, Stellar Winds, Bubbles, Error Analysis, Gas Ionization, Oao 3, Wolf-Rayet Stars
Scientific paper
The theoretical fraction of a stellar wind's energy converted into the kinetic energy of an expanding swept-up shell is 20 percent in the classical theory of stellar wind bubbles. Observational estimates of this conversion factor based on the amount of ionized material in wind-swept shells about Wolf-Rayet stars generally yield results of 1 percent. If there is a substantial amount of neutral material in the shell, it will not be counted and the kinetic efficiency will be underestimated. Presented here is a dynamical estimate which accounts for this neutral material in deducing the kinetic efficiencies of stellar wind bubbles. Bubbles classified as wind-blown shells have kinetic efficiencies in line with theoretical expectations for energy-conserving evolution in a homogeneous medium. Ringlike nebulae have significantly lower efficiencies, probably because they have been 'poisoned' by the photoevaporation of clouds engulfed during evolution into a cloudy substrate.
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