Economic trade-offs for spaceplanes over a large range of projected traffic

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Scientific paper

Prior analysis has focused on designs of launch vehicles to operate at certain discrete points along the launch vehicle supply and demand curves. Numerous analyses have explored the launch supply vs demand in the traditional spacelift range of 10 to 50 flights per year. Other recent analyses explored the merits of various Spaceplane staging and propellant configurations, at very high flight rates compared to today's conventional rates. The space tourism market was addressed at flight rates of 1,000 to 10,000 flights/year with dramatically lower prices than with traditional spacelift. Analysis has now been conducted for markets that demand flight rates that rival traditional aviation (100,000-10,000,000 flts/yr). Terrestrial Hypersonic Transport may demand these rates. In this paper we explore the supply vs demand across the full range of possible operating points (flight rate and $/kg) on the supply curve. The components of cost are assessed across this span of traffic rates, from present spacelift rates, through intermediate rates such as space tourism, and ultimately to rates compatible with commercial hypersonic transport between terrestrial points. Conventional aircraft-type flight rates for point-to-point air transportation will be carried throughout for their comparative values. This analysis will be used to develop economic/cost-based technology and design requirements for the vehicles and infrastructures. The relationship between design of vehicle and subsystems for reliability, long life, and quick changeout, and their relation to cost/mission and revenue capture will also be addressed.

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