Computer Science
Scientific paper
Jan 1987
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1987natur.325...47k&link_type=abstract
Nature (ISSN 0028-0836), vol. 325, Jan. 1, 1987, p. 47-50.
Computer Science
3
Continental Drift, Earth Mantle, Earth Planetary Structure, Basalt, Geochemistry, Petrology, Rare Earth Elements, Volcanoes
Scientific paper
It is proposed here that both the formation of the subcontinental mantle from 70 to 160 km depth under Archaean cratons and the origin of large masses of tonalitic-granodioritic crust in the early Archaean can be explained by a single open-system fractional crystallization model. If an extensive, partially molten layer existed at shallow levels in the pre-Archaean due to the production of large amounts of MORB-type magma above sites of mantle upwelling, the magma at loci of fractional crystallization would reach a steady state in major- and trace-element compositions which would be similar to that of Archaean granodiorites and tonalites. While this fractional crystallization process operated, the cumulate would chemically resemble a hydrate tholeiite. Pressure-induced breakdown of amphibole could cause partial remelting of this cumulate, and this could lead to depletion resulting in a subcontinental mantle keel with chemical characteristics similar to those observed.
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