The role of volatiles and lithology in the impact cratering process

Details The role of volatiles and lithology in the impact cratering process The role of volatiles and lithology in the impact cratering process

Feb 1980

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1980rvgsp..18..143k&link_type=abstract

Reviews of Geophysics and Space Physics, vol. 18, Feb. 1980, p. 143-181.

Mathematics

Logic

121

Cratering, Lithology, Sedimentary Rocks, Volatility, Geological Surveys, Mathematical Models, Planetary Craters, Planetary Evolution, Tables (Data), Review, Volatile Elements, Lithology, Cratering, Impacts, Shock, Impact Melts, Compression, Meteorites, Flow, Ejecta, Chemistry, Volume, Size, Heating, Outgassing, Rocks, Crater Floors, Models, Crater Walls, Craters, Terrestrial, Vaporization, Ages, Structure, Radiometric Dating, Erosion, Deposits, Comparisons, Observations, Parameters, Velocities, Pressure, Ge

Scientific paper

A survey of published descriptions of 32 of the largest, least eroded terrestrial impact structures shows that the amount of melt at craters in crystalline rocks is approximately two orders of magnitude greater than that at craters in sedimentary rocks. A model is proposed for the impact process, and it is examined whether the difference in melt abundance is due to differences in the amount of melt generated in various target materials or due to differences in the fate of the melt during late stages of the impact. The model accounts semiquantitatively for the effects of porosity and water and volatile content on the cratering process. Important features of the model are noted. Even if the recondensation of released volatiles is very efficient, the cumulative effect of repeated impacts on accreting planets would be to continually transfer volatiles toward the outer surface. By this process, volatiles might be enriched toward the outer layer of a growing planet.

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