The double planetary nebula KjPn 8

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Scientific paper

Planetary Nebulae represent the final stages of the evolution of stars with zero-age main-sequence masses in the range 0.8 <~ M/Msolar≳ 9. A substantial portion of the objects that go through the planetary nebula stage have binary nuclei and single stellar evolution is influenced by the companion to a large extent. In addition and depending on the mass ratios of the components, phenomena such as cataclysmic variables, symbiotic nebulae and novae are formed. In these cases, though, the mass ratios of the binary cores are usually far from unity and consequently the components evolve with substantially different time scales. In contrast with these phenomena, multi-frequency, ground-based and HST observations are presented in this work showing how the formation history of KjPn 8 represents the first case where two distinct and consecutive planetary nebulae-like events have been detected simultaneously, probably originating from a binary core evolution with components of very similar mass and thus evolving nearly in parallel. These characteristics indicate that KjPn 8 may be a rare object in our Galaxy and the first ever detected of this class.

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