Gravitational Deflection of High-speed Particles

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Scientific paper

THE investigation of the consequences of Einstein's law as regards the motion of a material particle moving through a gravitational field with a velocity comparable to that of light brings out some interesting and rather surprising effects. As Einstein's law is entirely kinematical, involving accelerations instead of forces, no account need be taken of variation of mass with velocity other than that contained in the law itself. Let m denote the mass of the attracting body (i.e. the sun) in astronomical units divided by the square of the velocity of light. Then the motion of a particle in the field produced by this body is determined by , the rθ plane being that of the orbit. From the Lagrangian equations corresponding to this Hamiltonian statement of the law, the energy relation is obtained. If the velocity of the moving particle is comparable to the velocity c of light, the second term in the parenthesis on the right-hand side may be omitted as negligible compared to the last term. The resulting approximate equation is easily integrated, leading to the expression , where a is the ratio of the Velocity of the particle at infinity to that of light.

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