Structure and dynamics of the Martian lower and middle atmosphere as observed by the Mars Climate Sounder: 2. Implications of the thermal structure and aerosol distributions for the mean meridional circulation

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Atmospheric Composition And Structure: Planetary Atmospheres (5210, 5405, 5704), Atmospheric Processes: General Circulation (1223), Atmospheric Processes: Mesospheric Dynamics, Planetary Sciences: Solar System Objects: Mars

Scientific paper

Retrievals of temperature, dust, and water ice from data collected by the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) illustrate for the first time the seasonal and diurnal variability of both the thermal structure of the middle atmosphere (above 40 km) and also the vertical distribution of aerosols. These retrievals reveal clear signatures of significant mean meridional cells in the middle and lower atmosphere at both the solstices and equinoxes. We investigate the degree to which the lower and middle atmospheric circulations are kinematically coupled and conclude that kinematic coupling is strong in the tropics throughout the year but weak near the pole except during the “polar warming” events associated with dust storm activity.

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