Extended shells around B[e] stars. Implications for B[e] star evolution

Details Extended shells around B[e] stars. Implications for B[e] star evolution Extended shells around B[e] stars. Implications for B[e] star evolution

Jan 2008

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008a%26a...477..193m&link_type=abstract

Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 477, Issue 1, January I 2008, pp.193-202

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

9

Stars: Emission-Line, Be, Stars: Circumstellar Material, Stars: Evolution

Scientific paper

Aims:The position of B[e] stars in the upper left part of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram creates a quandary. Are these stars young stars evolving onto the main sequence or old stars that are evolving off of it? Spectral characteristics suggest that B[e] stars can be placed into five subclasses and are not a homogeneous set. Such sub-classification is believed to coincide with varying origins and different evolutions. However, the evolutionary connection of B[e] stars - and notably sgB[e] - to other stars is unclear, particularly to evolved massive stars. We attempt to provide insight into the evolutionary past of B[e] stars. Methods: We performed an Hα narrow-band CCD imaging survey of B[e] stars, in the northern hemisphere. Prior to the current work, no emission-line survey of B[e] stars had yet been made, while only two B[e] stars appeared to have a shell nebula as seen in the Digital Sky Survey. Of nebulae around B[e] stars, only the ring nebula around MWC 137 has been previously observed extensively. Results: In this presentation we report the findings from our narrow-band optical imaging survey of the environments of 25 B[e] stars. Of the objects surveyed, 7 show bipolar or uni- polar structures up to 15 arcmin across; 5 show faint, large, or filamentary shells; and 2 are compact planetary nebula-type systems. The most spectacular system observed is a large bipolar structure associated with MWC 314. Conclusions: The possible links between B[e] stars and other evolved stars, implied by our observations, are investigated.

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