Other
Scientific paper
Jan 2012
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2012aas...21921406f&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting #219, #214.06
Other
Scientific paper
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) have been detected up to energies around 10^20 eV, but their nature is still debated. Once an UHECR hits the Earth atmosphere, a shower of secondary particles is created, rushes though the geomagnetic field, and produces a bright radio flash for some tens of nanoseconds. The LOPES (LOFAR Prototype Station) already detected this emission and showed that radio is a good tracer of particle energy. Models of the emission suggest that radio is also a potentially good tracer of particle composition. As a consequence, the new LOFAR radio telescope has UHECRs detection built in: All 2500 individual antenna elements in LOFAR come with a memory ring buffer (Transient Buffer Board, TBB) and real-time pulse detections, allowing particles above 10^17 eV to be detected. Moreover, a small particle detector array, LORA (LOFAR-Radboud Airshower array), provides cross-calibration and external triggers when desired. Using first commissioning data, the radio emission of UHECRs has been detected with exquisite detail, providing new insight into the emission process. The TBBs can also be used to search for sub-second astrophysical transients such as giant pulses from pulsars, stellar and planetary flares, cosmic ray impacts on the moon, and other exotic events.
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