On the mechanism of catastrophic destruction of minor planets by high-velocity impact

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Asteroids, Astronomical Models, Destruction, Impact Damage, Spallation, Asteroids, Impacts, Collisions, Spallation, Energy, Mass, Size, Stress, Cores

Scientific paper

For the study of the collisional breakup of minor planets, semiquantitative interpretations of the catastrophic destruction of cubic rock targets by high-velocity impact reported by A. Fujiwara, G. Kamimoto, and A. Tsukamoto (1977) are attempted. The conditions for transition and core-type destruction are derived from consideration of the side surface spallation, or central spallation, and the back surface spallation caused by the rarefaction pulses. In the derivation, the strengths of the original P-pulse at the crater rim and the bottom are given by application of the failure criterion. As the condition for complete destruction, an empirical rule is proposed. It is found that the critical sizes for these destructions vary as the 0.40 power of the impact energy and the previously reported impact energy/target mass-scaling is only an approximate rule. The possibilities of extending of these results to larger bodies of any other shape are discussed.

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