Cosmic-Ray Muons in the Deep Ocean

Details Cosmic-Ray Muons in the Deep Ocean Cosmic-Ray Muons in the Deep Ocean

Jan 1990

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1990phdt........72c&link_type=abstract

Thesis (PH.D.)--VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, 1990.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 51-04, Section: B, page: 1883

Computer Science

Short Prototype String

Scientific paper

The purpose of this dissertation is to present the SPS (Short Prototype String) muon data and to compare the data with previous measurements and with the current theories of muon energy losses. The experiment with the SPS was an international collaborative effort, whose purpose was to determine the feasibility of reconstructing muon trajectories in the ocean from measurements, with a sparse array of photomultipliers, of the Cerenkov light from the muons. The successful measurement of the angular distributions and vertical fluxes at several ocean depths by reconstructing muon trajectories from the photomultipler signals demonstrates the feasibility of DUMAND (Deep Underwater Muon And Neutrino Detector). DUMAND will be a large array of photomultipliers anchored to the bottom of the ocean and used to detect the resulting Cerenkov light from high energy muons produced by the neutrino charged current interactions. The search for sources of very high energy neutrinos in the universe will be DUMAND's primary goal. This technique for reconstructing the muon has been successfully applied in several previous experiments with much more closely spaced detectors and with sensitive volumes several orders of magnitude smaller than required by DUMAND. Moreover, the backgrounds from bioluminescence and from 40K decay in the ocean present a very different set of problems for this extension of the technique. The results presented here show that this technique remains practical despite these additional problems. The SPS, which was the first stage of DUMAND, was a vertical string of seven Cerenkov detectors tethered to a ship. The detector achieved an average effective area of 322 +/- 64m^2 . The experiment was performed at the DUMAND site. Muons were successfully detected and reconstructed at depths ranging from 2km to 4km at 500m intervals. The average effective area and the associated muon rate at the respective depths give fluxes consistent with the previous measurements at comparable depths and with the present theories of energy loss. Our measurement of the vertical muon flux at 2km is 9.84 +/- 4.62 times 10^{-8} cm ^{-2}s^{-1 }sr^{-1} and at 4km it is 4.57 +/- 1.02 times 10^{-9} cm^{-2}s^ {-1}sr^{-1}.

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