Other
Scientific paper
Jan 1990
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1990ngst.conf...61g&link_type=abstract
The Next Generation Space Telescope, p. 61
Other
Spaceborne Telescopes, Galactic Evolution, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Systems, Star Distribution, Dark Matter, Baryons, Star Formation
Scientific paper
With the advent of multi-wavelength data from advanced ground-based and space observatories, we are beginning to construct a consistent model of how the universe reached its present state. Despite some formidable difficulties, the big bang hypothesis has thus far provided a useful framework for interpreting many observable phenomena, the abundances of expected primordial nucleosynthesis properties such as He-4 and the presence of the cosmic background radiation. There are also a number of remaining puzzles; e.g. how large scale structure forms and how most baryonic matter appears to become concentrated into galaxies. The situation is therefore encouraging but it is premature to say that we have solved the mystery of the origin of galaxies and other large structures that populate the current universe. Some examples of the types of questions that we would like to answer are: (1) When and how did galaxies form? Was this process relatively coeval as outlined in older models, or do galaxies form over a wide range of times?; (2) What fraction of the total baryonic and dark matter is gravitationally bound into galaxies? What is the dark matter? How does the dark and baryonic matter interact as galaxies form and evolve?; (3) How are properties of galaxies connected to large scale properties of their environment? For example, it has been known since the pioneering work of Hubble in the 1930s that galaxy morphologies systematically vary between low density regions of the universe and the very dense cores of rich clusters of galaxies, but the origin of this correlation is still not understood; (4) How did the chemical elements form and disperse?; (5) Is there a physical connection between nuclear activity in galaxies and the formation or evolution of their "normal" stellar and gaseous components?; and (6) What factors control the rate of evolution of galaxies; e.g. what determines the star formation rates and gas exhaustion time scales within galaxies?
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